In an article published in CNN, dermatologists offered advice on treatment options for individuals with the hyperpigmentation condition melasma. Hyperpigmentation disorders may appear as localized or widespread patches on the skin, and are typically caused by age, hormones, pregnancy, sun exposure, injuries, or inflammation. Experts explained that melasma most often presents as tan, brown, or blue spots or patches on the cheeks, chin, or forehead of individuals who have increased estrogen and progesterone hormones; are exposed frequently to ultraviolet light; have thyroid disease; and take retinoids, blood pressure medication, or birth control pills. The experts noted that though some individuals may experience fading of the irregular dark spots characteristic of the condition, most may have to resort to treatments to see their melasma diminish. Individuals were first encouraged to seek the professional opinion of a dermatologist, who could rule out other possible conditions and properly diagnose whether the patches are caused by melasma. The experts suggested that individuals should avoid laser therapy—which can worsen the condition—and opt instead for chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and dermabrasion for in-office treatments. For those treating the condition at home, the experts recommended products such as retinol and tretinoin that are high in alpha hydroxy acid, kojic acid, and vitamin A and encourage skin cell replacement. In order to prevent melasma from developing in the first place, they urged individuals to apply sunscreen, use protective hats with wide brims, and wear clothing that provides SPF before heading outside.
May 25, 2023