In the PRIMM study reported in JAMA Oncology, Bolte et al found that consumption of a Mediterranean diet was associated with a high probability of objective response and 12-month progression-free survival among patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade treatment for advanced melanoma. Dietary intake was assessed through food frequency questionnaires before treatment. Patients were scored 1 through 5 (5 = highest) using the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED) according to habitual adherence to components of a Mediterranean dietary pattern high in whole grains, fish, nuts, fruit, and vegetables. The investigators found a positive linear association between aMED score and probability of objective response and 12-month progression-free survival. Among patients with the highest aMED score of 5, the probability was 0.77 for objective response (P = .02) and 0.74 for 12-month progression-free survival (P = .01).
May 24, 2023